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References Hussmann, K. & Hechler, H., 2008. Anti-corruption Policy Making in Practice: Implications for Implementing UNCAC, Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute. ABC News, 2017. Fact check: Is Australia in breach of its UN anti-corruption obligations?. [Online]…
The context surrounding the mid-1990s corruption eruption led to a series of changes which fundamentally altered our relationship with corruption and how we understand it, alongside signalling an unprecedented international effort to tackle it. It…
Whilst much research has been conducted to evaluate the merits and demerits of Transparency International’s (TI) CPI (Thompson and Shah, 2005; Luo, 2006; Andersson and Heywood, 2009; Laufer and Warren, 2009; Saha et al., 2012;…
Corruption has long faced a complex definitional and conceptual challenge with regards to how the phenomenon should be understood (Saha et al., 2012). For a long time, this definitional problem remained focused on how corruption…
The growth in international treaties and conventions were not, however, a panacea, and Khaghaghordyan (2014, p. 149) states that, through ratification, although states make an explicit and legally binding commitment, “there is no guarantee that…
International efforts to combat corruption can be understood as being a largely U.S. driven response to a series of scandals during the 1970s, such as the Watergate scandal in 1972, and perhaps more relevantly to…
The Corruption Perception Index (CPI) was developed by Dr Johann Graf Lambsdorff for Transparency International in 1995 (Lambsdorff, 2005). The CPI emerged during the corruption eruption as a response to the need for a measurement…
The development of the United Nations Convention against Corruption was a lengthy process, which began in December 1989, following an interregional seminar hosted by the Government of the Netherlands in the Hague. Following this seminar,…
German Climate Policy The disjointed nature of the German energy market poses serious challenges to ambitious German climate targets. We explore what impact the key players in the market and state incentive policies play in…
